An ancient tripartite symbiosis of plants, ants and scale insects

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An ancient tripartite symbiosis of plants, ants and scale insects.

In the Asian tropics, a conspicuous radiation of Macaranga plants is inhabited by obligately associated Crematogaster ants tending Coccus (Coccidae) scale insects, forming a tripartite symbiosis. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that the plants and the ants have been codiversifying over the past 16-20 million years (Myr). The prevalence of coccoids in ant-plant mutualisms suggest that the...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

سال: 2008

ISSN: 0962-8452,1471-2954

DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.0573